Effect of ritonavir/lopinavir on the efficacy of chloroquine and artemether/lumefantrine in mice

Authors

  • Aniekan S. Ebong Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria
  • Anwanabasi E. Udoh Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.
  • Victor U. Anah Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria
  • Emmanuel E. Attih Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria
  • Ngozi A. Onwuka Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
  • Akaninyene O. Nkodo Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria

Keywords:

Artemether-lumefantrine, chloroquine, drug-drug interaction, lopinavir-ritonavir, Plasmodium berghei

Abstract

Background: Malaria co-infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is common and its pharmacotherapy combines antiretroviral with antimalarial drugs, hence drug-drug interaction is inevitable. This study reports the effect of an antiretroviral drug, lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) on the antimalarial activity of artemether/lumefantrine (AL) and chloroquine (CQ) in a mouse model of Plasmodium berghei.

 

Methodology: The standard procedures of prophylactic, suppressive and curative antiplasmodial assay models were adopted. The mice were divided into 6 groups of 5 mice each and 10 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg body weight of CQ, LPV/r and AL were administered to groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The same dose of LPV/r and CQ was administered to group 4 concurrently, while group 5 received a similar dose of LPV/r and AL, concurrently. The mice in group 6 served as negative control.

 

Result: The study revealed that the co-administration of LPV/r with CQ and AL did not affect the suppressive antiplasmodial effect of CQ but boosted the parasite clearance of AL by 17.78 %. In the prophylactic test, the co-administration of LPV/r with CQ and AL also boosted the parasite clearance of CQ by 18.04 % and slightly boosted the parasite clearance of AL by 3.14 %. However, there was no significant effect of LPV/r on CQ and AL in the curative study.

 

Conclusion: Therefore, concurrent administration of LPV/r with AL and CQ affects mostly the suppressive and prophylactic effectiveness of AL and CQ, respectively.   

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Published

2022-07-04

How to Cite

S. Ebong, A., E. Udoh, A., U. Anah, V., E. Attih, E., A. Onwuka , N., & O. Nkodo , A. (2022). Effect of ritonavir/lopinavir on the efficacy of chloroquine and artemether/lumefantrine in mice. Journal of Drug Discovery and Research, 1(1), 16–24. Retrieved from https://www.ddrg.net/index.php/ddrg/article/view/7

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